![]() Among these stood the censers and anthropomorphic figures. ![]() These new cultures were mainly due to the exchange in neighboring cultures.Īt this time, the pottery was not very developed and they used simple models of containers. Approximately, agriculture begins to develop and begin to include new crops in their repertoire. Despite the proximity of the water, they continued to build wells up to 3 meters deep to accumulate water for domestic use.įrom year 400 d.c. They had settlements near water resources and crops. The earliest inhabitants of the hohokam culture lived as maize and bean farmers. It is believed that this period appeared around the year 200 d.c. Cultural periods of Hohokam culture Pioneer But in some settlements like Casa Grande, there were buildings that reached up to four stories high. They made adobe houses that were rectangular house-pits. They practiced astronomy, worked the stone, the turquoise and the envelope and made shell bracelets. With the expansion of their culture, they began to develop ball games and ceremonial mounds. At the same time, they also made grinding stones and projectile sawed ends. In addition to agriculture, the Hohokam people developed pottery in their large cities. With their crops they were able to obtain flour, honey, liquors and wood.Īgriculture was not enough to maintain the Hohokam people, reason why they had commercial and religious links with other Mexican cultures of the zone. They also grew pitahaya and mesquite pods. These engineering works helped the Hohokam people irrigate their fields and obtain up to two maize crops a year. Ditches should be deep to minimize evaporation of water. They realized a network of ditches that reached to reach the 10 km of length, besides a great depth. This culture was characterized by the creation of irrigation systems and the channeling of the Salado and Gila rivers. It was based on the vestiges of the archaic cochise culture. A limited palette enhances the unified color scheme utilizing repetition of shape, form to create balance and harmony.It is not known with certainty when the Hohokam culture began, although it is believed to have coincided with the beginning of the Christian era, but many archaeologists believe it was earlier. The colors also reflect the surrounding architecture. Reference to the importance of water to the Native Americans for food and living in the desert are depicted throughout the composition.Īs the sun moves according to the days and seasons, the cast shadows change and add another intentional dimension to the work. In this tradition, many of the stones embedded in the mosaic are the ones dug up from the ground during excavation. The native peoples used everything and nothing was wasted. Symbols of sun, corn, and stars were used by the artists to show the appreciation for the natural environment. The orientation of the sculptures reflect the importance of the four cardinal directions: North, South, East and West to early cultures in Arizona. There are many references to Hohokam culture. And the overall mountain shape of the sculpted walls references the region. The layered composition of the sculptured walls represents striations within the earth and connects the past with the present. ![]() The title refers to both the ancient Hohokam culture and the glass entrance as it reflects the sculptures. The colors, textures, and shapes of the handmade clay tiles were inspired by the ancient Hohokam Indian culture of the area, the native plants of the Sonoran Desert and the Rio Salado riparian system, as well as the architectural and landscape elements of the site. The two artists worked closely with the architects, building owners, and engineers to create a site specific art piece that is uniquely “Arizonan” and complements both the architecture and the environment. Three sculpted walls by Glen and Helwig frame and enhance the façade of the Hewson Hohokam center.
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